Biochemical Evaluation of Cardiac Markers and Electrolyte Profiles in Patients with Myocardial Infarction and Cardiogenic Shock

الملخص

Cardiovascular emergencies such as Myocardial Infarction (MI) and Cardiogenic Shock (CS) are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Accurate biochemical assessment of cardiac injury and electrolyte imbalance is essential for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic decision-making. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the levels of selected biochemical markers among patients with MI, CS, and healthy controls to identify significant diagnostic indicators and correlations relevant to cardiac pathophysiology. A total of 120 blood samples were collected and categorized into three groups: 40 patients with MI, 40 with CS, and 40 healthy individuals. Serum concentrations of Troponin, CK-MB, Calcium (Ca), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), 25-OH-Vitamin D (D3), Total Serum Bilirubin (TSB), and Red Blood Cells (RBCs) were analyzed. Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA to determine the significance of differences among groups. Significantly elevated levels of Troponin and CK-MB were observed in both MI and CS patients compared to controls (p < 0.05), with the highest values in the CS group. Electrolyte imbalances were evident, particularly decreased Vitamin D and Calcium levels in pathological groups. Elevated TSB and altered RBCs counts were also noted, indicating systemic physiological stress associated with cardiac dysfunction. The findings support the utility of biochemical markers such as Troponin, CK-MB, D3, and Ca in distinguishing between acute cardiac events. These parameters can aid in early detection and clinical differentiation between MI and CS, contributing to improved patient outcomes and management strategies.